I’m trying to implement LoRa point-to-point (P2P) communication using the RAK3172 module.
I configured the .ioc file based on the SUBGHz_Phy PingPong example for the NUCLEO-WL55JC1. Then, I wrote the code for LoRa transmission. On the receiver side, the only change I made was replacing:
Radio.Send((uint8_t *)BufferTx, sizeof(BufferTx));
with
Radio.Rx(RX_TIMEOUT_VALUE);
However, I’m still unable to successfully send or receive packets. On the transmission side, I keep getting a TX timeout.
Could someone please take a look at my configuration and help identify where I might have gone wrong? If there are any other examples, guides, or documentation that I might have missed, I would really appreciate it if you could point me in the right direction.
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2025 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "rtc.h"
#include "app_subghz_phy.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "radio.h"
#include "stdbool.h"
//#include "radio_board_if.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
#define RF_FREQUENCY 868000000 /* Hz */
//#ifndef TX_OUTPUT_POWER /* please, to change this value, redefine it in USER CODE SECTION */
#define TX_OUTPUT_POWER 22
#define LORA_BANDWIDTH 0 /* [0: 125 kHz, 1: 250 kHz, 2: 500 kHz, 3: Reserved] */
#define LORA_SPREADING_FACTOR 10 /* [SF7..SF12] */
#define LORA_CODINGRATE 1 /* [1: 4/5, 2: 4/6, 3: 4/7, 4: 4/8] */
#define LORA_PREAMBLE_LENGTH 8 /* Same for Tx and Rx */
#define LORA_SYMBOL_TIMEOUT 5 /* Symbols */
#define LORA_FIX_LENGTH_PAYLOAD_ON false
#define LORA_IQ_INVERSION_ON false
#define PAYLOAD_LEN 64
#define TX_TIMOUT_VALUE 10000
#define RX_TIMOUT_VALUE 30000
#define MAX_APP_BUFFEE_SIZE 255
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
char message[] = "Hello, World!\n";
uint8_t BufferTx[2]={10,23};
char txm[] = "Tx Done\n";
char rxm[] = "Rx Done\n";
char txtmo[]= "Tx Timeout\n";
char rxtmo[]="Rx Timeout\n";
char errradio[]="Radio error\n";
uint8_t rxDone=0;
uint8_t rxTimout=0;
uint8_t txTimout=0;
uint8_t txDone=0;
uint8_t rxerror=0;
radio_status_t test;
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
void OnTxDone(void) {
// HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, (uint8_t *)txm, sizeof(txm), HAL_MAX_DELAY);
txDone=1;
Radio.Send(BufferTx,64);
//Radio.Rx(3000); // Restart receiving after transmission
}
void OnRxDone(uint8_t *payload, uint16_t size, int16_t rssi, int8_t snr) {
// payload[size] = '\0'; // Null-terminate received data
// HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, (uint8_t *)rxm, sizeof(rxm), HAL_MAX_DELAY);
// Radio.Rx(3000); // Restart listening
rxDone=1;
}
void OnTxTimeout(void) {
// HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, (uint8_t *)txtmo, sizeof(txtmo), HAL_MAX_DELAY);
txTimout=1;
Radio.Send(BufferTx,sizeof(BufferTx));
}
void OnRxTimeout(void) {
// HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, (uint8_t *)rxtmo, sizeof(rxtmo), HAL_MAX_DELAY);
// Radio.Rx(0); // Restart listening
Radio.Rx(RX_TIMOUT_VALUE);
rxTimout=1;
}
void OnRxError(void){
//HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, (uint8_t *)errradio, sizeof(errradio), HAL_MAX_DELAY);
// Radio.Rx(0); // Restart listening
rxerror=1;
}
void RadioInit(void) {
static RadioEvents_t RadioEvents; // Make sure it's static or global
// Assign the callback functions
RadioEvents.TxDone = OnTxDone;
RadioEvents.RxDone = OnRxDone;
RadioEvents.TxTimeout = OnTxTimeout;
RadioEvents.RxTimeout = OnRxTimeout;
RadioEvents.RxError = OnRxError;
// Initialize the radio with the events
Radio.Init(&RadioEvents);
Radio.SetChannel(RF_FREQUENCY);
Radio.SetTxConfig(MODEM_LORA,TX_OUTPUT_POWER,0,LORA_BANDWIDTH,LORA_SPREADING_FACTOR,LORA_CODINGRATE,
LORA_PREAMBLE_LENGTH,LORA_FIX_LENGTH_PAYLOAD_ON,true,0,0,LORA_IQ_INVERSION_ON,TX_TIMOUT_VALUE);
Radio.SetRxConfig(MODEM_LORA,LORA_BANDWIDTH,LORA_SPREADING_FACTOR,LORA_CODINGRATE,0,
LORA_PREAMBLE_LENGTH,LORA_SYMBOL_TIMEOUT,LORA_FIX_LENGTH_PAYLOAD_ON,0,true,0,0,LORA_IQ_INVERSION_ON,true);
Radio.SetMaxPayloadLength(MODEM_LORA,MAX_APP_BUFFEE_SIZE);
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
// MX_DMA_Init();
MX_SubGHz_Phy_Init();
// MX_RTC_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
RadioInit();
HAL_Delay(1000);
Radio.Send((uint8_t *)BufferTx,sizeof(BufferTx));
// Radio.Rx(RX_TIMOUT_VALUE);
// Radio.RxBoosted(RX_TIMOUT_VALUE);
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
// HAL_Delay(1000);
// rxDone=0;
// rxTimout=0;
// txTimout=0;
// txDone=0;
// rxerror=0;
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
// MX_SubGHz_Phy_Process();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Configure LSE Drive Capability
*/
HAL_PWR_EnableBkUpAccess();
__HAL_RCC_LSEDRIVE_CONFIG(RCC_LSEDRIVE_LOW);
/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
*/
__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_LSE|RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_MSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.LSEState = RCC_LSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.MSIState = RCC_MSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.MSICalibrationValue = RCC_MSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
RCC_OscInitStruct.MSIClockRange = RCC_MSIRANGE_11;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Configure the SYSCLKSource, HCLK, PCLK1 and PCLK2 clocks dividers
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK3|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_MSI;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLK3Divider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
Thank you very much in advance!